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15-5PH不銹鋼的性能和化學(xué)成分介紹
日期：2025-10-09 15:29
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摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">15-5PH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不銹鋼的性能和化學(xué)成分介紹</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">15-5PH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不銹鋼屬于馬氏體沉淀與時(shí)效硬化不銹鋼，具有高強(qiáng)度和硬度以及優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕性?；瘜W(xué)成分分析是平衡的，可以產(chǎn)生*小的</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">δ</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">鐵素體，所以還具有優(yōu)異的橫向韌性和延展性，以及良好的鍛造性。</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">15-5PH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">的制造特性和其他沉淀硬化不銹鋼材質(zhì)相似，</span></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;"> </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">它們可以通過單步老化硬化，低溫處理。</span></span>
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<span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">該材質(zhì)不銹鋼可用于閥部件、配件和緊固件、鍛造軸和齒輪、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)部件、化學(xué)工藝設(shè)備、造紙?jiān)O(shè)備以及飛機(jī)和核反應(yīng)堆的部件。</span></span>
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<a name="15-5PH不銹鋼"></a><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">15-5PH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不銹鋼</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">在鍛造時(shí)，該不銹鋼材質(zhì)應(yīng)均勻加熱至</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1180 /1205</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃，并鍛煉</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">小時(shí)。為了獲得*佳的晶粒尺寸和機(jī)械性能，鍛造材料應(yīng)在進(jìn)一步加工之前將其風(fēng)冷至</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">32</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃以下。硬化前必須對(duì)該不銹鋼材料進(jìn)行固溶處理。</span></span>
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<span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">熱處理</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><br />
<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;"> 15-5PH</span></span><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">一般在溶液處理?xiàng)l件中提供，可以通過將溶液處理的材料加熱至</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">480</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃至</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">620</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃的溫度并硬化</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1-4</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">小時(shí)，具體取決于溫度，然后空氣冷卻。</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">在</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1040</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">+/-14</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃的溫度下加熱</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1-2</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">小時(shí)，冷卻至</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">32</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">℃以下，從而完全轉(zhuǎn)化為馬氏體。但此時(shí)材料由于韌性較差，沖擊強(qiáng)度差，應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂敏感，材料不能用于溶液處理?xiàng)l件。</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">15-5PH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不銹鋼切削加工性較好，在溶液處理和各種老化硬化條件下都容易加工。當(dāng)以與</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">302</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不銹鋼和</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不銹鋼相似的方式對(duì)材料機(jī)械進(jìn)行固溶處理時(shí)，隨著硬化溫度的升高，加工性提高。*佳切削性從條件</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1150M</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">獲得。</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">該材料的焊接性也非常不錯(cuò)，可以通過屏蔽熔接和電阻焊接工藝獲得令人滿意地焊接效果。因?yàn)樘嘉盏目赡苄?，不推薦采用氧乙炔焊接。焊接接頭應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)成*小化應(yīng)力。在溶液處理?xiàng)l件下的焊接通常是令人滿意的，但是如果預(yù)期焊接應(yīng)力很高，*好在</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">H1150</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">焊接過時(shí)的狀態(tài)，焊接前通常不需要進(jìn)行預(yù)熱。</span></span>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;"> </span></span>
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<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>
15-5PH不銹鋼的性能和化學(xué)成分介紹
15-5PH不銹鋼屬于馬氏體沉淀與時(shí)效硬化不銹鋼，具有高強(qiáng)度和硬度以及優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕性?；瘜W(xué)成分分析是平衡的，可以產(chǎn)生*小的δ鐵素體，所以還具有優(yōu)異的橫向韌性和延展性，以及良好的鍛造性。
15-5PH的制造特性和其他沉淀硬化不銹鋼材質(zhì)相似， 它們可以通過單步老化硬化，低溫處理。
該材質(zhì)不銹鋼可用于閥部件、配件和緊固件、鍛造軸和齒輪、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)部件、化學(xué)工藝設(shè)備、造紙?jiān)O(shè)備以及飛機(jī)和核反應(yīng)堆的部件。
在鍛造時(shí)，該不銹鋼材質(zhì)應(yīng)均勻加熱至1180 /1205℃，并鍛煉1小時(shí)。為了獲得*佳的晶粒尺寸和機(jī)械性能，鍛造材料應(yīng)在進(jìn)一步加工之前將其風(fēng)冷至32℃以下。硬化前必須對(duì)該不銹鋼材料進(jìn)行固溶處理。
熱處理
15-5PH一般在溶液處理?xiàng)l件中提供，可以通過將溶液處理的材料加熱至480℃至620℃的溫度并硬化1-4小時(shí)，具體取決于溫度，然后空氣冷卻。
在1040℃+/-14℃的溫度下加熱1-2小時(shí)，冷卻至32℃以下，從而完全轉(zhuǎn)化為馬氏體。但此時(shí)材料由于韌性較差，沖擊強(qiáng)度差，應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂敏感，材料不能用于溶液處理?xiàng)l件。
15-5PH不銹鋼切削加工性較好，在溶液處理和各種老化硬化條件下都容易加工。當(dāng)以與302不銹鋼和304不銹鋼相似的方式對(duì)材料機(jī)械進(jìn)行固溶處理時(shí)，隨著硬化溫度的升高，加工性提高。*佳切削性從條件1150M獲得。
該材料的焊接性也非常不錯(cuò)，可以通過屏蔽熔接和電阻焊接工藝獲得令人滿意地焊接效果。因?yàn)樘嘉盏目赡苄裕煌扑]采用氧乙炔焊接。焊接接頭應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)成*小化應(yīng)力。在溶液處理?xiàng)l件下的焊接通常是令人滿意的，但是如果預(yù)期焊接應(yīng)力很高，*好在H1150焊接過時(shí)的狀態(tài)，焊接前通常不需要進(jìn)行預(yù)熱。
